June 26, 2008

Laptops are Searched at Miami Border Crossing

Imagine coming across the border into Miami having returned from a business trip. Laptop in hand, nothing to declare, and the next thing you know, your laptop is being read and reviewed by TSA. Fair? Legal?

As politicians grumble over what appears to be the latest invasion of an individuals privacy by the Bush administration, what ever happened to this country's 4th amendment right to be free of unlawful searches and seizures? What the government is seeking to do now is to search laptop computers of those who enter the country at will. It is raising a lot of red flags, as United States citizens, and I believe rightly so, are in an uproar that their constitutional rights are being violated.

Once back on United States soil, do their rights not apply? According to the 9th Circuit Court of Appeals, TSA has the right to search laptops of those entering the country without probable cause, reasonable suspicion, all they need is a hunch and then they search. Non-US citizens, ok maybe, but even still, why are the courts giving TSA so much leeway? I understand we are at war and our safety is our highest concern. I am all for drug and bomb sniffing dogs, but the freedom to read email, search documents, etc., without reasonable suspicion, probable cause or a warrant, simply by racial profiling, I cannot agree. The Courts that we have in place to uphold our constitution, to me is making a mockery out of it. Looking for loopholes anywhere they can.

This issue is far from over. It is being address in the Senate and by Congress. For more information please see the article: Laptop Searches in Airports Draw Fire at Senate Hearing

June 24, 2008

Child Porn Charges Dropped

First off, thank you to Prof. Patrick Corbett, from Thomas M. Cooley, who passed this story on to me. I recently ran into Patrick at the ABA Cyber Seminar, in Washington, DC. I attended Cooley, prior to transferring to Miami. I transferred for family reasons, but I truly believe that the education at Cooley is one of the best in the country, because they really, truly care about the success of their students.

State worker was charged with possession of child pornography on his workplace computer. A situation that is all too familiar these days. However in this case, the computer wasn't all that accurate. Yes, the computer did possess child pornography, but in filing a case the State must also prove that the user knew (or had dominion on control over the images). In this situation the State had neither. In a forensic review of the computer, the defendant was able to prove that he was not accessing or viewing child pornography, rather the computer was. What?

This is not the first instance of computers doing things on their own. Basically what happens is that you either intentionally, or unintentionally (virus), download a software application. They come in many forms, but the gist of the application is the same - it seeks out pornography, and doesn't differentiate between child and adult. It then appears to the world that your "machine" has been viewing pornography, and thus the police investigation/charges.

Who's fault is this? You would think that in the "pursuit of justice," that the police would be cognizant of the various types of viruses out there and when they forensically analyze the media they seize, that they would search for them. In reality what happens is that due to the backlog of media that is waiting to be forensically analyzed throughout this country, once the analyst discovers the evidence to make its case, the forensic review stops and the case gets filed. That begs the question, who really has the burden of proof?

It just goes to show you that you really can't judge a book by it's cover. For the article, click here: State Worker Cleared on Child Pornography Charges

June 12, 2008

Miami Criminal Attorney Represents International Jewel Thief

Breakers jewel thief sentenced to prison

By LARRY KELLER

Palm Beach Post Staff Writer

Thursday, June 12, 2008

WEST PALM BEACH- — Debonair international jewel thief Nordine Herrina traded his expensive suits for drab jailhouse blues in court today, where he pleaded guilty to stealing two rings from a Palm Beach jewelry store that retailed for $1.5 million.

Herrina, 32, was sentenced to 3 1/2 years in prison after agreeing to plead guilty to two counts of grand theft of more than $100,000. He was credited for the two years he has been in jail, reducing the actual sentence to 18 months. Each charge carried a maximum sentence of 30 years in prison.

A French citizen, Herrina was a globe-trotting jewel thief extraordinaire who pocketed millions in baubles, authorities say. Dapper and accompanied by a beautiful woman, Herrina used sleight of hand to swindle jewelers in Italy, France, Switzerland, California and New York, they say. On at least one occasion, he claimed he was Prince Khalid of the Saudi royal family.

He was imprisoned in Italy in December 2002, then transported to Switzerland where he was sentenced to the time he already served in Italy. But the United States began extradition proceedings to have him face charges in Miami-Dade County, Palm Beach County and Orange County, California.

He arrived in Miami earlier this year. A judge there also sentenced him to the time served abroad, and ordered him to pay $145,000 in restitution. His next stop: the Palm Beach County courthouse.

Before retired Judge Roger Colton sentenced him today, Herrina gave him a neatly printed letter in which he said he has reformed. Unmarried, he has a 5-year-old daughter, he wrote.

"I am suffering for all this years lost from life from 26-32 years," he wrote. "I will like to see my daughter. I have learn a lot in prison. I will ... come back in the society and give the best of me."

If the way Herrina filched two rings from the Diamont Noir jewelry shop at The Breakers hotel in April 2001, was typical of how he operated, he was as smooth as a perfect pearl. Here's how Palm Beach police — who worked with the FBI and Interpol — say he did it:

Wearing a navy blue double-breasted suit, white shirt, violet tie and carrying a black alligator-type wallet, Herrina walked into the shop with a buxom blonde wearing a low-cut, off- the-shoulder blouse.

He asked to see a ring in the display case, and the blonde tried it on, then returned it to Stephanie Halimi, the store owner's daughter. Herrina then asked if Halimi had something bigger for his wife, explaining that the blonde was his girlfriend.

Herrina was shown a larger ring. He asked to speak to Halimii in a back office. Then he asked to see the box for the ring. Next, he asked to speak to employee John Goodkin, saying he preferred to do business with a man, because he was Arab.

Herrina put five 100-dollar bills on a counter and said he wanted to buy both rings — one for his wife, one for his girlfriend. The larger ring was a platinum, 9.15 carat, cushion cut diamond, flanked with two half-moon shaped diamonds. Retail value: $1.06 million.

The smaller ring was set in 18 carat yellow gold and platinum, with an 11 carat, fancy yellow pear-shaped diamond, flanked with two pear-shaped clear diamonds. Retail value: $441,140.

Herrina told Goodkin that he would return to purchase the rings after he went to lunch. Goodkin thought he watched Herrina place the rings back in a black velvet box, which was placed in a safe. He asked Goodkin not to show the rings to anybody else.

As Goodkin was about to close the store at 7 p.m., the "Arab" and the blonde had not returned. He went to the safe and discovered both rings were missing.

Police believe Herrina and his friend scammed a Boca Raton jeweler out of a $130,000 bracelet the same day, and were thwarted by a second jeweler in that city. The next day they were trying the same ruse at Cartier and Christian Dior shops in New York City, they say.

Now Herrina is headed to a Florida state prison, but maybe not for long. He still has charges pending in Orange County, California, which has the right to grab him immediately, said his Miami attorney, David Seltzer. If convicted there, he could serve his sentence in California, Seltzer said.

As part of Herrina's plea deal on Thursday, he was ordered to pay $1.5 million, plus $846 in court costs. But Judge Colton told Herrina that once he finishes his U.S. prison sentence, he likely will be deported — he still must serve a two-year sentence in France — and barred from returning here.

"There's no way of enforcing those judgments," Seltzer said.

June 11, 2008

Miami, Drugs and Athelets...Miami's been quiet...for a change...

Athlete’s, alcohol and drugs seem to be dominating the news media these days. From Cedric Benson and his multiple drinking and driving arrests, to ex-DB Dexter Reid pleading to possession of marijuana with intent to distribute (he was acquitted of carrying a concealed weapon), to Nick Kaczur, a member of the New England Patriots, arrested for possession of OxyContin, a controlled substance, and in the middle of a federal government investigation, to Kenny Stabler, a former NFL star arrested for his third DUI. And that ladies and gentlemen is just the recent cases of alcohol and drugs in the NFL.

Everyone deserves a second chance in life, but should athletes, the people our youth look up to be held to a higher standard? Are they the ones our youth are seeking to emulate? Drugs in sports are nothing new. Major sports are addressing the use of narcotics with the public arrests of numerous players, and the federal government spending tax payer money inquiring as to what’s going on, and for what, what does the federal government hope to accomplish? Should an athlete’s careers be tarnished forever, or are they human, and entitled to error?

Having been a prosecutor in Miami-Dade County Florida, I have dealt with my fair share of drug cases, but I can tell you not all jurisdictions deal with cases in the same manner. Miami is very forgiving to first time drug offenders, sometimes second. The Court’s have programs in place such as drug court, whereby the defendant participates in court ordered treatment and following a set amount of time, absent no set-backs, the case would be dismissed and the individual does not have a felony record.

The judicial system is supposed to be rehabilitative, but not all people see it that way. Some people perceive it to be punishment first, and rehabilitate second. I can understand that mentality for certain crimes, but remember the book, Don’t Sweat The Small Stuff, people need to pick and choose their battles. Scarring someone for life for one indiscretion isn’t what we as a society ought to be doing or I don’t believe ever set out to do. The law is here to help and guide us. If we slip up, then so be it, we work to fix it, but should it mean your life is scarred and ruined? Guess it depends where you commit the crime…

June 11, 2008

Miami and States Crack Down on Child Pornography

State and Federal agencies are cracking down on child pornography in an effort to protect the nation’s young from repeated online victimization. Internet Service Providers, such as Verizon, Time Warner, and Sprint , have announced that they will be spending in excess of $1 million dollars to purge their systems of anything child porn related. For more details see: Verizon, Time Warner Cable, Sprint to Block Child Porn Sites

The question is at the end of the day, how will this really help protect our nation’s youths? Will all the nation’s ISP’s follow suit? Will this become legislation? If the Federal Government steps in, what happens when this is challenged in the court’s over free speech and first amendment issues, just like Ashcroft v. Free Speech Coalition, 535 U.S. 234 (2002). This new twist in fighting child pornography is not over...

June 4, 2008

Child Pornography, Legal v. Illegal?

Determining what to charge and what is legal is never easy. Ask 10 people to opine on the same image, chances are good you will get multiple perspectives; question is which one is right?

The definition of teens, according to www.dictionary.com, is defined as the numbers 13 through 19. Furthermore, under the law, the legal definition of a minor is anyone 17 years and younger. Therefore, “teen,” even though it includes minors, it also includes LEGAL adults. So how does one avoid the obvious trap of being caught with child pornography when the site is advertising “legal teens,” or “barely legal?” In either instance, the site purports to depict what they are telling you is legal, so who is at fault when the police come knocking and the image “appears” to be a minor?

It is very deceptive to those who search the internet with no intentions of breaking the law, and then one day find themselves on a teen website with images of women, who may or may not be legal. It is unfortunate that there is no set in stone method of determining what constitutes a “minor” and what is legal. The standard in determining whether or not to charge a suspected image of child pornography lays solely in the prosecutors hands. It’s called prosecutorial discretion, and means watch out, as each prosecutor will have a different opinion. In some cases it is really too close to call, and then you would hope that the prosecutor doesn’t take the “let’s roll the dice” approach.

Factors used to determine whether or not a minor is in fact a minor are the size of limbs, body hair and/or pubic hair, facial features, breast size, and genitals, to name a few. Most often prosecutors will employ the services of a licensed doctor to opine as to the age of the child. However, it doesn’t end there. The prosecution still needs to prove the image is real and not virtual (a discussion for a different day).

Back to the topic at hand, how do you know if you are looking at legal pornography or child pornography? The short answer is you don’t know. However, I believe there is a strong argument to be made not only on the above factors that the prosecution uses in making their filing decisions, but also in the website itself. Sites that advertise “barely legal teens,” are telling you the viewer that you are looking at images that will not get you arrested. The problem is accountability. Most of the websites that post these images are not based in the United States, and therefore, it is often very difficult to prove the age of the child, and the factors above may be the only way. Question is, do you want to rely on someone else’s discretion?

The “too close to call” category of images is something most prosecutors shy away from, but there are those overzealous ones that will charge anything, and see what sticks. For further discussion or information on this matter, please feel free to contact me, as I am sure this debate will continue...

May 16, 2008

Presumption of Innocence, Where Did It Go?

Over the weekend, I was in my home town of Montreal, Quebec, Canada, when an incident broke out. A little background first about Montreal. Montreal is a beautiful European city, but it is very tight-knit, in that in the surrounding neighborhoods and communities, everyone knows what’s going on.

A teacher at one of the local private schools in Westmount, a suburb of Montreal, was arrested in Virginia for allegedly soliciting an undercover police officer over the internet. As I was in Montreal over the weekend, I attempted to find out more. I went over to the high school, where I was essentially escorted out of the school for inquiring about the subject. This wasn’t the end of it. No one in the city seemed to want to help this individual. Now, I am not insensitive to the underlying allegations; however, what bothers me is that as a society, this man has already been tried and sentenced. What happened to the presumption of innocence today? The same people who threw me out of the school are the same ones who teach our children about our justice system and society.

I understand that the crime he is alleged to have committed is appalling to our society; but does no one believe in the system of justice that we have followed for centuries? I have seen people charged with murder get more assistance than I have this individual. Forget rights, the allegation alone has created a situation whereby he is guaranteed NOT to get a fair trial.

I recall when I was a prosecutor trying a case involving child pornography. I had similar thoughts; who can really be fair and impartial? I really truly believed that it was possible for someone to sit as a juror and render a fair verdict. Looking back on it, when faced with images of child pornography and evidence of where it came from, was there any way a conviction wasn’t coming? Now the defense in that case did a fabulous job representing the client, but did it matter? Was the client really tried by a “jury of his peers?” Were the pictures alone the basis of the conviction, or did the jury actually listen to the evidence?

Is there still a presumption of innocence in our society when online crimes involving children are ALLEGED. Does the State/Government still have the “burden of proof,” or has it really shifted to the defense (contrary to our laws) to prove his innocence?

After what I experienced in Montreal over the weekend, I know I still believe in this country’s justice system, I’m just not sure most of its citizens do.

April 30, 2008

Police Can Seize Computer and Cyber Evidence Quicker and Easier

In a recent news article delivered to me by a friend of mine, Mark Mulroney, the technology used to search a suspect’s computer has taken a giant leap forward. No longer are police and investigators required to track cables, label machines, and photograph the exact location of every device. With this new device from Microsoft, the Computer Online Forensic Evidence Extractor, commonly referred to as COFFEE, law enforcement can literally have your information at their fingertips.

COFFEE is a USB thumb drive that contains 150 commands that can dramatically cut the time it takes to gather digital evidence, and decrypt passwords and analyze a computer's Internet activity, as well as data stored in the computer. What could have taken days, weeks, and months, to crack can now be done in a fraction of the time. What does this mean? Well let’s look at it from a law enforcement point of view.

For law enforcement, it means less time on scene taking down computers, and quicker analysis’ of machines (possibly depending on the purpose of the investigation), to name a few benefits. Therefore, faster turn-around time on pending investigations and prosecutions, and ultimately, it could lead to saving law enforcement a lot of time and money, which we all know they can use with budget cuts all over the country, especially in Florida.

What does this mean for the non-law enforcement individuals? Well, for now until the entire scope of what this device is capable of, not much will change. I am certain that this device will be challenged as to authenticity of the material recovered. I have yet to see how exactly is can re-create a clone or image of a hard drive, which is what is needed to preserve the integrity of a computer’s hard drive. It looks like all this does is a quick search of the drive for whatever the investigation calls for. Some interesting discussions that may follow as a result of this are whether or not inserting a thumb drive into a computer can trigger a virus, or alter any computer data, or trigger a program, which all can compromise data. I am sure Microsoft has explored all those possibilities, but as the world goes, so do technological advances and someone will figure out a way to trip this device up. It is inevitable. Food for thought, what happens if this gets in non-law enforcements hand, then what…?

For the more information on COFFEE, check out:

Microsoft device helps police pluck evidence from cyberscene of crime

Microsoft Calls on Global Public-Private Partnerships to Help in the Fight Against Cybercrime

Microsoft COFEE (Computer Online Forensic Evidence Extractor) for law enforcement

April 19, 2008

Barry University Update on Campus YouTube Incident

So my clients had their hearings, which were supposedly impartial. There is good news and bad news, but I am still unclear about the bad news. If you recall from the WSVN Channel 7 story the young lady who was victimized and sucker punched in the altercation, she was suspended for the remainder of the semester and kicked off campus. She now has no where to live and no money, and of course, the University will not return the money she paid for housing and tuition. She is however, allowed to come back to school next semester, so long as she pays her tuition and expenses. Go figure...This is not the end of her story...

As for the budding cameraman, he was allowed back into school and into housing, with certain restrictions. The question is, due to the amount of time he missed because of the University's suspension, he may not be able to complete the semester, which again will require him to pay more money to the University to make up the classes. All for videoing an incident on school property and posting it on YouTube.com. But again, his future has been affected and this may not be the end of this situation for him either.

The University showed their true colors here for what clearly appears to be financial gain. As I said in my interview with Channel 7 WSVN Fox, the University was not happy for the "black eye" this incident gave the University. Over 500 people saw the video on YouTube.com and god forbid that affects the Universities enrollment as there was a physical altercation on campus.

I have learned that last year a student broke down a door on campus and pulled a knife on another student in the dorms. End result, that student was not expelled and continues to be a student at Barry University. Another incident involving a female and a fight on campus, still has that female student enrolled at Barry University. So why has my client, who is CLEARLY the victim in this incident, and solely protecting herself and her safety, no longer a student this semester at Barry University? My client was a good student, involved in student leadership, and would give tours of the campus to prospective students. I am at a loss for the way the University is handling this situation, but then again, the saga continues...

April 19, 2008

Cyber Crime Takes on New Face...Are you Safe

Is your information safe? People take a lot for granted when it comes to the internet and their financial information. For example, the simplest thing that most people forget to do when using a public computer is making sure they are logged off and thus, the person after you doesn't access your information. Internet security is an issue that it is at the forefront of countries security all over the world. Internet hacking is the crime de jour, and the new target for organized crime. No longer do people walk into banks and rob them like Bonnie & Clyde, they do it from the comfort of their living room. What are you doing to make sure that your information is secure?

April 8, 2008

Barry University Stomps on First Amendment

So when did we lose the right to freedom of speech? The law doesn't allow private institutions to thwart the law, so why does Barry University think they have the right to bully around two young students? Kids will be kids, and I am the first one to state that all parties may not have clean hands in this situation, but as far as Barry University is concerned, while on SCHOOL PROPERTY, my clients did nothing wrong.

If you haven't already heard, Barry University has initiated expulsion proceedings against two students, both of which have 3.0+ grades, and one of whom is a student leader. Both students have aspirations of higher education and distinguished professional careers. Now the only thing that stands in their way is private politics.

A video of the incident which occurred on Barry University's campus April 4, 2008, was posted on YouTube. What the video shows, is a loud discussion among some students that drew a crowd. My client, the budding camera man decided to film the altercation and include his own play-by-play commentary. My other client was involved in the debate, but as the video clearly shows, she WAS NOT the aggressor, rather the victim when she was sucker punched by another female. Present during this altercation was the resident adviser as well as numerous campus security. Kudos to the student RA, who was the only one from the school who attempted to stop the incident.

50 States security, one of Barry University's rent-a-guard patrols, is seen on video and asked if he was going to stop this incident, to which there was no response. Also, in violation of school policy, the security guards hired to protect the students failed to file incident reports.

Some great filming if you ask me. Lots of different camera angles, shots of the crowd, the interested parties, the school officials. Barry has taken the position at this time that only my two clients, and the girl who threw the punches are being expelled. Of course that position changed once Fox News Miami got involved. The University was planning on identifying every student who stood idly by and watched the altercation and expelled them in accordance with some obscure school policy. But of course, as the media got involved they backed off that course of action.

So what makes my clients any different, why are they being railroaded here? In an attempt to resolve this matter today, I contacted both the Dean of Students Office and the Legal Department. End result nothing was done. When asked if I can attend a meeting with my clients earlier today, answer no, the public is not allowed to attend hearings and meetings. Ok, so my clients then met with Jeff Edwards of the University who asked them to sign a document admitting the charges against them. Why would they sign a document admitting something that didn't happen, just to allow the school to expel them...Barry clearly has shown no interest in doing what is best for their students, rather, they are simply concerned with their image. My clients didn't break any laws. My clients are the victims here.

Here we have two students from out of state, with no money and no place to sleep. The University has informed them that if they return to their dorm rooms, which they are continuing to pay for, or to the cafeteria, to eat meals they are continuing to pay for, then they will be arrested for trespassing and charged criminally. So now I have to clients, which I will gladly continue to feed and make sure that they have housing, but what is Barry doing to protect these young students who they have made homeless? Are they going to give them back their money, voluntarily? Of course not, but then again that is why we have courts.

Below is the piece that aired on WSVN 7 Miami today. I am working of putting the entire video up, so check back soon so you can be the judge as to what is really going on here. This is a travesty of justice and the University is trying to sweep it under the rug. Well, I won't let them.

April 7, 2008

Miami Criminal Defense Firm, with a Specialty in Cyber Crime Launches Website

It is with great pleasure that I announce the launch of www.davidsseltzer.com.

Please check it out and let us know how the Law Offices of David S. Seltzer, PA can help protect your freedom and rights. Don't delay, let a former Miami-Dade County Prosecutor help protect your good name and reputation. Contact us today.

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